Nipah virus (NiV) is one of the re-emerging virus, from the Paramyxoviridae family, mainly affecting the Southeast Asia region1. Pteropus species of bats are known natural reservoirs of NiV. Spillover of NiV can occur among the resident human population or visitors, in places where these bats roost. Humans can also get the infection from the pigs, the intermediate host for the transmission of NiV, as observed during the outbreak of 1998-99 in Malaysia and Singapore2-4. Human-tohuman transmission has also been reported during the outbreaks of Nipah in Bangladesh and India5-10. India has witnessed many outbreaks of Nipah in the States of West Bengal and Kerala with a high mortality of 68-100 per cent during the period of 2001-19. The sudden emergence of NiV from Kerala affected the public health system because of lack of preparedness to such a health emergency. However, the NiV spread was successfully contained during the 2018 outbreak and subsequently the preparedness helped in quickly containing the infection in 201911,with no secondary cases reported.
